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Hampshire
Hampshire (, ; abbreviated Hants, archaically known as the County of Southampton) is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, the former capital city of England. Hampshire is the most populous ceremonial county in the United Kingdom (excluding the metropolitan counties) with almost half of the county's population living within the South Hampshire conurbation which includes the cities of Southampton and Portsmouth. The larger South Hampshire metropolitan area has a population of 1,547,000. Hampshire is notable for housing the birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force. It is bordered by Dorset to the west, Wiltshire to the north-west, Berkshire to the north, Surrey to the north-east, and West Sussex to the east. The southern boundary is the coastline of the English Channel and the Solent, facing the Isle of Wight.
Hampshire is the largest county in South East England and remains the third largest shire county in the United Kingdom despite losing more land than any other English county in all contemporary boundary changes. At its greatest size in 1890, Hampshire was the fifth largest county in England. It now has an overall area of ,〔() 〕 and measures about east–west and north–south.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=map scales, handy facts, Hampshire )〕
Hampshire's tourist attractions include many seaside resorts and two national parks: the New Forest and the South Downs (together covering some 45% of the county). Hampshire has a long maritime history and two of Europe's largest ports, Portsmouth and Southampton, lie on its coast. The county is famed as home of such writers as Jane Austen and Charles Dickens, as well as the birthplace of engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel.
==Etymology==
Hampshire takes its name from the settlement that is now the city of Southampton. Southampton was known in Old English as ''Hamtun'', roughly meaning "village-town", so its surrounding area or ''scīr'' became known as ''Hamtunscīr''. The old name was recorded in the Domesday book as ''Hantescire'', and it is from this spelling that the modern abbreviation "Hants" derives.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www3.hants.gov.uk/abouthnt )〕 From 1889 until 1959, the administrative county was named the ''County of Southampton'' and has also been known as ''Southamptonshire''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/descriptions/entry_page.jsp;jsessionid=831E0EE166940B068F901D2E5F5D2B33?text_id=929180&word=NULL )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】date=1868 )〕
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